The tests focused on 30 PFAS chemicals and four heavy metals: arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury. CR found two of the 35 noncarbonated waters tested exceeded the 1 part per trillion PFAS threshold:Advertisement. Here are some of those potential downsides: 1. Sparkling Water Can Cause Upset Stomach and Bloating. If it feels like your stomach is sensitive to sparkling water, you're not imagining things — unfortunately, yes, carbonated water can cause stomach pain and other digestive discomfort.Sep 24, 2020 · Carbonated waters from LaCroix, Topo Chico, Poland Spring and Perrier all have levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals, called PFAS, that are slightly higher than what some scientists deem safe, according to a report from Consumer Reports. Seven of 12 brands were highlighted as having higher levels of PFAS in the report. Feb 8, 2024 · Carbonated waters from LaCroix, Topo Chico, Poland Spring and Perrier all have levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals, called PFAS, that are slightly higher than what some scientists deem safe, according to a report from Consumer Reports. There has been a stigma attached to diseases of the skin for centuries. Lepers were cast out from society in biblical and medieval times as they were considered... Try our Symptom ...PFAS are a class of about 12,000 chemicals typically used to make thousands of consumer products resist water, stains and heat. They are called “forever chemicals” because they do not ...Google's newly released chart API generates charts and graphs on the fly called by a URL with the right parameters set. The Google Blogoscoped weblog runs down what data to hand th...Sep 24, 2020 · Join the conversation. (Bloomberg) — Carbonated waters from LaCroix, Topo Chico, Poland Spring and Perrier all have levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals, called PFAS, that are slightly higher than what some scientists deem safe, according to a report from Consumer Reports. Seven of 12 brands were highlighted as having higher levels of ... The Mitsubishi Eclipse fuel pump utilizes two check valves to control fuel pressure and correct fuel flow through the gas lines. Different recalls on the Eclipse affect the operati...WASHINGTON - Today, April 10, the Biden-Harris Administration issued the first-ever national, legally enforceable drinking water standard to protect communities from exposure to harmful per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also known as ‘forever chemicals.’ Exposure to PFAS has been linked to deadly cancers, impacts to the liver and heart, …CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF PFAS TOXICITY IN HUMANS. Like other chemicals, PFAS are potentially capable of producing a wide range of adverse health effects depending on the circumstances of exposure (magnitude, duration, and route of exposures, etc.) and factors associated with the individuals exposed (e.g., age, sex, ethnicity, health status, and genetic predisposition).Cernés par les PFAS, « polluants éternels ». Les alertes se multiplient sur les risques liés à ces substances chimiques présentes dans des objets de la vie quotidienne. Le gendarme ...NSF 61 Certification for Potable Drinking Water is the most stringent cert you can get. The only filtering method for PFAS that I've come across is this one: https://fil-trek.com/product/advanced-carbon-technology/. but they do not sell to consumers.The PFAS Action Plan is a comprehensive roadmap for how state agencies will address PFAS in Wisconsin. Sites PFAS Contamination in the City of Madison and Dane County. PFAS Contamination in the Marinette and Peshtigo Area. PFAS Contamination in the Town of Campbell and French Island ...Summary. On April 10, 2024, EPA announced the final National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) for six PFAS. To inform the final rule, EPA evaluated over 120,000 comments submitted by the public on the rule proposal, as well as considered input received during multiple consultations and stakeholder engagement activities held both prior to and following the proposed rule.The fatal blue screen, or blue screen of death, happens when a Windows-based computer detects an error that it cannot fix on its own. The screen can result from a hardware, softwar...Maine specific information. For general questions related to PFAS and filter system installation, please send an e-mail to [email protected]. For information about current deer consumption advisories, contact the Maine Department of inland Fisheries and Wildlife (DIF&W) at [email protected] or call 207-287-8000.According to Consumer Reports, these sparkling water brands had the highest PFAS contents in 2020. The levels are measured in or parts per trillion, or ppt. Topo Chico Natural Mineral Water (9.76 ...Montane Sparkling Water told Organic Authority that despite the lacking regulations, it has “always tested for PFAS chemicals.”. Founder Hollis Calloway says “everyone in the industry tests for PFAS,” but that the multinational corporations like Coca-Cola and Nestlé “just care more about profits than safety.”.On October 18, 2021, EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan announced the Agency’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap—laying out a whole-of-agency approach to addressing PFAS. The roadmap sets timelines by which EPA plans to take specific actions and commits to bolder new policies to safeguard public health, protect the environment, and …All its website has to say is: "The flavors are derived from the natural essence oils extracted from the named fruit used in each of our LaCroix flavors. There are no sugars or artificial ...These documents should be used for information only and are not a substitute for the PFAS 8(a)(7) reporting rule. You should carefully review the rule, located at 40 CFR Part 705, for specific information on how to comply with these PFAS reporting requirements. Instructions for Reporting PFAS Under TSCA Section 8(a)(7) (pdf) (1.6 MB)Flavor-wise and chemical-wise, Spindrift gets some of the highest marks, with 0.19 ppt PFAS, or parts per trillion ("safe" PFAS levels are seen as being below 1 ppt). Each can even shows you just ...Jul 28, 2023 · Topo Chico, owned by Coca-Cola, has the highest amount of forever chemicals of all the brands in the study group, ranking in at 9.76 ppt. Polar also contains a notably high level of PFAs at 6.41 ppt, followed by Bubly at 2.24 ppt. Poland Spring (1.66 ppt), Canada Dry (1.24), La Croix (1.16), and Perrier (1.10) should also be eyed with caution for their PFA additives. They however issued a new advisory, indicating that if there's a detection below a threshold value, then the presence of PFAS or PFOA It's known as the threshold heath advisory level. Threshold Levels below 0.02 ppt for PFAS and and below 0.004 for PFOA do not need to be reported. Essentially <0.02 or <0.004 ppt = 0.Sep 24, 2020 · Join the conversation. (Bloomberg) — Carbonated waters from LaCroix, Topo Chico, Poland Spring and Perrier all have levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals, called PFAS, that are slightly higher than what some scientists deem safe, according to a report from Consumer Reports. Seven of 12 brands were highlighted as having higher levels of ... Overview. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of over 9,000 synthetic chemicals 1 that have been used in industry and consumer products, worldwide, for over 70 years. This includes compounds such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and Hexafluoropropylene Oxide Dimer Acid (also known as ...Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, or PFAS, are a group of synthetic chemicals used in a wide variety of common applications, from the linings of fast-food boxes and non-stick cookware to fire-fighting foams and other purposes. Their persistence in the environment and occurrence across the country make them a unique water quality concern.There has been a stigma attached to diseases of the skin for centuries. Lepers were cast out from society in biblical and medieval times as they were considered... Try our Symptom ...LaCroix Sparkling Water is locally sourced at various locations throughout the U.S. LaCroix adheres to strict processes and standards to assure the quality and consistency of the brand. LaCroix water is treated using various filtration processes, including reverse osmosis and deionization, that remove additives and impurities from locally ...Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic chemicals present in many products, including nonstick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, food packaging, and cleaning products. These chemicals have earned the nickname “forever chemicals” because they do not break down in the environment. ... LaCroix …But like everything in life, LaCroix should be enjoyed in moderation. Drinking a few cans a week is fine; downing one 6-pack a day could spell trouble for your teeth. Eat This! Tip: Damien Walmsley, a professor of dentistry at the University of Birmingham in England, told Atlantic reporter Olga Khazan that his advice "is to keep acidic drinks ... Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a class of chemically and structurally diverse compounds that are extensively used in industry and detected in the environment. The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) 2021 PFAS Strategic Roadmap describes national research plans to address the challenge of PFAS. Objectives: Systematic Evidence Map (SEM) methods were used ... Production and uses of PFASs The PFAS family is composed of thousands of synthetic organic chemicals. PFASs were developed from the 1940s by the chemical industry. To date, more than 4,700 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers have been identified which can be associated with a large variety of PFASs that may have been on the global market ...Individual testing. PFAS test results will tell you how much of some PFAS are in your blood, but it is unclear what the results mean in terms of possible health effects. Testing may help some individuals understand if they are exposed to certain PFAS and help guide exposure reduction. Testing for PFAS may also provide peace of mind.For National Beverage, the company that owns the LaCroix brand, profit rose from $49.3 million in 2015 to $107 million in 2017, per a report. Shares of National Beverage (NASDAQ: FIZZ) have skyrocketed: Prices were in the $12 per share range back in 2010, and today they’re trading at around $115 apiece. Competitors are paying attention.Methods for Measuring PFAS in the Environment. In January 2024, the EPA released three methods to better measure PFAS in the environment: Final EPA Method 1633, a method to test for 40 PFAS in wastewater, surface water, groundwater, soil, biosolids, sediment, landfill leachate, and fish tissue. Final EPA Method 1621, which can …Feb 12, 2021 · Coca-Cola has reduced the level of PFAS chemicals in Topo Chico Mineral Water, the beverage maker’s popular sparkling mineral water, according to new tests by Consumer Reports. But those levels ... For #WorldWaterDay we're introducing "LaCroix and PFAS: Redefining the Role of Science and Regulation." Dive into the story of how National Beverage, maker o...July 12, 2019. GettyImages-1151133820. While health experts have recently raised concerns about exposure to a group of chemicals known as PFAS in tap water, there’s now evidence that it may be a...According to Consumer Reports, these sparkling water brands had the highest PFAS contents in 2020. The levels are measured in or parts per trillion, or ppt. Topo Chico Natural Mineral Water (9.76 ...PFAS are manmade synthetic chemicals used because they are resistant to heat. The military used PFAS mostly in firefighting foam to put out fires. This was problematic because PFAS could seep into the groundwater and contaminate the drinking water. The VA says exposure to PFAS can cause vets to develop an array of issues in …PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are a group of man-made chemicals that have gained significant attention due to their potential harmful effects on human health and th...A new report finds that health problems caused by exposure to perfluorinated chemicals, also known as PFAS, cost European countries between €52 and €84 billion annually. Perfluorin...Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of manufactured compounds used in a variety of industries, such as aerospace, automotive, textiles, and electronics, and are used in some food packaging and firefighting materials. For example, they may be used to make products more resistant to stains, grease, and …Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic compounds with unique properties including high chemical and thermal stability, making them resistant to degradation and oxidation [1].Since the 1940s, PFAS have been utilized in numerous consumer products, industrial applications, and aqueous film-forming foam deliveries …This case investigates LaCroix sparkling water and its connection to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), as a study of chemical compounds in carbonated beverages has captured the public's attention.This case investigates LaCroix sparkling water and its connection to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), as a study of chemical compounds in carbonated beverages has captured the public’s attention. At the time of this case, PFAS were not heavily regulated, but the media coverage and body of research surrounding this class ...Tourmaline Spring non-carbonated bottled water contains PFAS. This is based on CR testing done on their Sacred Living Water brand in 2020. They reported the total PFAS level to be 4.64 ppt. This is below the IBWA established SOQs for PFAS which is 5 ppt for one PFAS compound and 10 ppt for total PFAS.LaCroix and PFAS: Redefining the Role of Science and Regulation will be seriously impacted by this trend because most of the purchases of its products in the industry are done on credit. 67% of the retired Americans have already unpaid credit card debt. If the financial markets crash then retired Americans will face challenges to meet their ...1. LaCroix. Even though almost no one could name this sparkling water just by taste—and the ubiquitous cans were hidden away—LaCroix won the taste test by a few votes. (Seriously, it was very ...The consensus of scientific opinion, according to the EPA, is 70 parts per trillion of PFAS is “safe” to drink. Most states have created their own drinking water standards for PFAS. The lowest limit was set by California at 5.1 ppt for PFOA (this is a single compound in the PFAS class). Michigan and Ohio set their limits at 140,000 ppt.Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of high concern, with calls to regulate them as a class. In 2021, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) revised the definition of PFAS to include any chemical containing at least one saturated CF2 or CF3 moiety. The consequence is that one of the largest open …PFAS are everywhere- and recently that’s causing concern. Along with being potentially harmful to people, they might be hurting animals and the environment. Even though they’ve bee...Z May 11, 2023 at 12:43 am. I got a Clearly Filtered water pitcher for 100 bucks. Most people arent willing to drop 200-400 dollars on a Berkey. My mom has one and they are pretty good but expensive.The consensus of scientific opinion, according to the EPA, is 70 parts per trillion of PFAS is “safe” to drink. Most states have created their own drinking water standards for PFAS. The lowest limit was set by California at 5.1 ppt for PFOA (this is a single compound in the PFAS class). Michigan and Ohio set their limits at 140,000 ppt. Because LaCroix is a trusted brand among health-conscious consumers, having slightly higher PFAS levels may have long-term negative consequences for the company. The last thing they needed was to lose credibility with their customers. CR’s report was released as Restaurant Brands International (RBI), which owns Burger King, Tim Hortons and Popeyes, announced plans to phase out PFAS chemicals in its food packaging worldwide by ... At the time of this case, PFAS were not heavily regulated, but the media coverage and body of research surrounding this class of chemicals suggested state and federal rules were on the horizon. The protagonist is Josephine Hudson, a fictional character with the title of president of customer satisfaction for National Beverage, LaCroix's parent ... A new study from Consumer Reports found high levels of risky chemicals known as PFAS in popular brands of sparkling water, including Topo Chico, Polar, Bubly, and La Croix. Per- and...With up to 75 PFAS related compounds at detection limits well below state and federal screening levels our laboratories support methods 537.1, 533, ISO25101, 537M, 1633, 1621, CIC-TOF/AOF/EOF, FTOHs by GC/MS/MS, OTM-45, OTM-50, and PFAS compliant with DoD QSM Table B-15 and B-24, and proprietary in-house methodology …For the general public, the main sources of PFAS exposure are from drinking water and food, such as eating fish, eggs, or milk, or livestock that has fed on contaminated land. Direct exposure can ...AVDL: Get the latest Avadel Pharmaceuticals stock price and detailed information including AVDL news, historical charts and realtime prices. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksThe study, published in the journal Water Research and led by Johns Hopkins University researchers, detected PFAS substances in 39 out of more than 100 bottled waters tested, in some cases at ...Sep 24, 2020 · Join the conversation. (Bloomberg) — Carbonated waters from LaCroix, Topo Chico, Poland Spring and Perrier all have levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals, called PFAS, that are slightly higher than what some scientists deem safe, according to a report from Consumer Reports. Seven of 12 brands were highlighted as having higher levels of ... PFAS has been detected in drinking water systems across the U.S. (Credit: Bluewater Sweden/Unsplash) PFAS contamination in the water supply is widespread. Research by EWG has found PFAS contamination in drinking water systems across all 50 states and two U.S. territories, Guam and Puerto Rico. But the full extent of the problem …Yes, LaCroix, and many other sparkling water brands—such as Topo Chico, Perrier and Polar—contain PFAS. A 2020 Consumer Reports test shows a variety of canned and bottled water sources are contaminated by PFAS, many …Other sparking water brands also had high levels of PFAS, especially when compared to still water. Here are some affected brands along with the relevant PFAS levels at parts per trillion: LaCroix Natural Sparkling Water (1.16 ppt) Perrier Natural Sparkling Mineral Water (1.1 ppt) Poland Spring Zesty Lime Sparkling Water (1.66 ppt)Description. Polyfluoroalkyl substances are used in fire suppressant foams, water and stain resistant fabric coatings, and grease resistant paper wrappers. Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) constitute a family of compounds that are distinguished by partial or complete fluorination of alkyl hydrocarbons. Dubbed ...But like everything in life, LaCroix should be enjoyed in moderation. Drinking a few cans a week is fine; downing one 6-pack a day could spell trouble for your teeth. Eat This! Tip: Damien Walmsley, a …Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, or PFAS, are a group of synthetic chemicals used in a wide variety of common applications, from the linings of fast-food boxes and non-stick cookware to fire-fighting foams and other purposes. Their persistence in the environment and occurrence across the country make them a unique water quality concern.Connecting Communities. Explore our interactive map to find out where PFAS have been found in groundwater or drinking water and where community organizations are advocating for stronger protections. Plug in to a group working in your community or connect with others facing similar challenges. Learn more.There are some sparkling water brands that reportedly contain PFAS, or “per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances.”. If you don’t already know what PFAS are, a quick overview should show you that this is a bad thing. According to the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), PFAS refers to a group of man-made chemicals that have been used for ...Cernés par les PFAS, « polluants éternels ». Les alertes se multiplient sur les risques liés à ces substances chimiques présentes dans des objets de la vie quotidienne. Le gendarme ...Sep 25, 2020 · The PFAS-Tox Database: A Systematic Evidence Map of Health Studies on 29 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Katherine E. Pelch, Anna Reade, Carol F. Kwiatkowski, Francheska M. Merced-Nieves, Haleigh Cavalier, Kim Schultz, Taylor Wolffe, and Julia Varshavsky Consumer Reports found the most PFAS in Topo Chico. They found the most levels of PFA in Topo Chico. There was also over the 1 ppt recommended limit in other popular sparkling waters, like Polar, Bubly, Poland Spring, Canada Dry, LaCroix, and Perrier. To ensure reliable results, they independently tested 2-4 unopened samples of …'WH' tried the top bubbles from expert-recommended brands, including LaCroix, Spindrift, and more. By Samantha MacAvoy , Sarah Felbin and Lauryn Higgins Updated: Mar 6, 2024 Save ArticleSome of the top, well-known sparkling water brands have recently been exposed by a Consumer Reports study released in September. Brands such as Topo Chico, Bubly, Polar, and La Croix have been found to have, “contained measurable amounts of man-made chemicals called per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS for short.”.Join the conversation. (Bloomberg) — Carbonated waters from LaCroix, Topo Chico, Poland Spring and Perrier all have levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals, called PFAS, that are slightly higher than what some scientists deem safe, according to a report from Consumer Reports. Seven of 12 brands were highlighted as having higher levels of ... Scientists and environmental groups recommend a limit of 1 part per trillion (ppt) for PFAS levels in our drinking water. The results of the Consumer Reports investigation found that Topo Chico, Bubly, La Croix, Canada Dry and Perrier water all had levels of PFAS exceeding 1 ppt. Exposure to PFAS at levels higher than the recommended levels has ... The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published on February 8, 2024 two proposed rules addressing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The rules, if finalized as proposed, would add nine PFAS, their salts, and their structural isomers to the RCRA hazardous constituents list and amend the regulatory definition of “hazardous ...
PFAS are linked to health problems such as altered immune and thyroid function, insulin dysregulation, cancer, and more. Many sparkling waters have been found to contain trace levels of PFAS. R efreshing, sugar-free, fun, fizzy—nothing hits better than sparkling water on a hot summer day. But not all sparkling waters are created equal.. Publix cobblestone pharmacy
LaCroix’s sales for the four weeks ended July 14 fell more than 15% from the prior-year period, even as its main competitor, Bubly, saw sales surge 96%, according to Bloomberg Intelligence.Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic chemicals present in many products, including nonstick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, food packaging, and cleaning products. These chemicals have earned the nickname “forever chemicals” because they do not break down in the environment. ... LaCroix …Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic chemicals present in many products, including nonstick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, food packaging, and cleaning products. These chemicals have earned the nickname “forever chemicals” because they do not break down in the environment. ... LaCroix …PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkyl substances) in drinking water can pose adverse health effects. Here are some of the health effects associated with exposure to high levels of PFAS in your drinking water: Decreased Fertility: High concentrations of PFAS have been linked to adverse effects on reproductive health, leading to reduced fertility in both ...PFAS and New Mexico’s Public Drinking Water Systems. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made chemicals that have been used for a large number of purposes since the 1950s. PFAS have been used in food packaging, cleaning products, stain resistant carpet treatments, nonstick cookware and firefighting foam ...Established by Administrator Regan in April 2021. Charged with: Developing “PFAS 2021-2025: Safeguarding America’s Waters, Air and Land,” a multi-year strategy to deliver critical public health protections to the American public. Prioritizing partnerships and collaborations with EPA and with our federal, state, tribal and local partners.Mar 24, 2022 · In recent decades, PFAS exposure has been linked to a growing list of problems, including immune system suppression, lower birth weight, and increased risk for some cancers. This raises alarms ... This reporting will be used to identify which chemical substances are active in U.S. commerce and will help inform the prioritization of chemicals for risk evaluation. To date, 330 non-Confidential Business Information (CBI) PFAS chemicals have been reported to EPA and are listed in the public interim report. In addition, there are 148 CBI PFAS ...La Croix Natural Sparkling Water has a PFAS concentration of 1.16 ppt, which is considered high. This places the brand among the sparkling water brands with high levels of PFAS. Consumers looking to minimize their PFAS exposure should opt for alternative sparkling water brands with lower PFAS levels.Connecting Communities. Explore our interactive map to find out where PFAS have been found in groundwater or drinking water and where community organizations are advocating for stronger protections. Plug in to a group working in your community or connect with others facing similar challenges. Learn more.PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are persistent synthetic compounds used in a variety of industrial and consumer product applications including non-stick cookware and firefighting foams. The presence of PFAS compounds in source water and drinking water is of increasing public concern due to their widespread use and …Cinq questions sur les PFAS. Explication. Toxiques, très mobiles, persistants dans l’environnement : les alertes se multiplient sur les risques des PFAS, substances chimiques utilisées dans ...The tests focused on 30 PFAS chemicals and four heavy metals: arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury. CR found two of the 35 noncarbonated waters tested exceeded the 1 part per trillion PFAS threshold ...News. New Year, New PFAS Compliance Deadlines: Key Dates In 2024. December 20, 2023. By Krystal Spickler, program manager, Supply Chain team, UL Solutions. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made chemicals that are characterized by their carbon-fluorine bonds. They are durable and have a diverse array of uses across ...2 Abstract National Beverage Company was at the top of its game and growing in popularity with their top selling brand LaCroix sparkling water when a report broke questioning the brands health claims. This report claimed high levels of at the perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a number of sparkling waters to include the …Sep 25, 2020 · The PFAS-Tox Database: A Systematic Evidence Map of Health Studies on 29 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Katherine E. Pelch, Anna Reade, Carol F. Kwiatkowski, Francheska M. Merced-Nieves, Haleigh Cavalier, Kim Schultz, Taylor Wolffe, and Julia Varshavsky Individual testing. PFAS test results will tell you how much of some PFAS are in your blood, but it is unclear what the results mean in terms of possible health effects. Testing may help some individuals understand if they are exposed to certain PFAS and help guide exposure reduction. Testing for PFAS may also provide peace of mind.PFAS are manmade synthetic chemicals used because they are resistant to heat. The military used PFAS mostly in firefighting foam to put out fires. This was problematic because PFAS could seep into the groundwater and contaminate the drinking water. The VA says exposure to PFAS can cause vets to develop an array of issues in ….